Book Club Cinema is a term inspired by the 2018 film Book Club, referring to lighthearted movies/shows about older women rediscovering life, often through romance, friendship, or personal adventures. These films typically avoid deeper or more difficult themes of aging like illness, poverty, or loneliness, favoring upbeat narratives and feel-good resolutions. Examples include Book Club, 80 for Brady, Grace & Frankie, and The Nonnas.

Brain organoids are tiny, simplified versions of the human brain grown from stem cells in the lab. They have demonstrated sentientlike neural activity, and ongoing research suggests they may develop increasingly complex, higher-level consciousness over time. Scientists are now integrating brain organoids with AI models to explore their potential in performing complex tasks and advancing neurotechnology.

Dendritic cell vaccines are a personalized cancer treatment that uses the patient’s own dendritic cells, which help the immune system recognize threats. These cells are taken from the blood and trained in the lab with pieces of the patient’s tumor called tumorassociated antigens (TAAs). When put back into the body, they activate special immune cells called T cells to find and destroy cancer cells.

In the Philippines this is offered in a limited capacity by the Lung Center of the Philippines and The Medical City among others. A meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials with 347 brain cancer patients found that dendritic cell vaccines alone improved overall survival compared to placebo (31% reduction in risk, 95% Confidence Interval, p = 0.03).

On one hand, pathogens are organisms that cause harm or disease to their hosts. On the other hand, endosymbionts live inside a host and typically provide mutual benefits or coexist without causing significant harm most of the time. Organisms traditionally classified as parasites include hookworms, tapeworms, and amoeba species.

"Genius-level" intelligence refers to a person with logical reasoning and creative capacities that far exceed the abilities of the average person.

A 'sensory stone' refers to a hypothetical technology that allows users to accurately record the essence of any short memory lasting no longer than a minute, including all physical and emotional sensations experienced during that time. Others may use this technology to accurately experience the recorded memory of someone as it they were the original memory-holder.

A company town is a community where one corporation owns the majority—or entirety—of the housing, businesses, and infrastructure, thereby exerting significant control over the local economy and residents’ daily lives. Historically, such towns were developed around factories, mines, or mills to accommodate workers near their place of employment (e.g. Lepanto Mining Town, Benguet; Del Monte Plantation Communities, Bukidnon; Semirara Power Corporation Town, Antique).

A Tobin tax is a small levy on foreign exchange transactions, first proposed by economist James Tobin in the 1970s. It applies a minimal charge to each currency trade, including short-term or high-frequency transactions. The tax is designed to influence trading patterns in the global currency market.

Modern Monetary Theory (MMT) is an economic idea that says countries that issue their own money — like the Philippines or the U.S. — can never truly "run out" of it, unlike a household or business. According to MMT, these governments can spend more and run higher deficits by printing money, as long as inflation stays under control. Instead of focusing on reducing budget deficits, MMT says the goal of government spending should be to keep inflation stable and ensure full employment.

A "multiplex" world order is characterized by an absence of a global hegemon by any single or group of states. Instead, the world is inhabited by multiple interdependent civilizations that have a relatively equal capacity and power to each other, where both state and non-state actors (e.g. NGOs, MNCs, etc.) influence the global state of affairs. It has been argued that the relative decline of the US' global influence in recent years will eventually lead to the formation of a multiplex in our current world.

The Arab Spring refers to a wave of popular protests, revolts, and armed conflicts that erupted across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region during the early 2010s. Originating in Tunisia in December 2010, the movement quickly expanded to neighboring countries, propelled by widespread frustration over authoritarian governments, economic struggles, and the denial of political rights

The Tatmadaw, also known as the Sit-Tat, is the armed forces of Myanmar. Since 2021, it has been the de-facto ruling government in the country. 

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that uses a low electrical current applied to the scalp to modulate neuronal activity. It is being studied for its potential to enhance cognitive functions like attention, memory, and learning. It is generally regarded as safe but has rare reported cases of skin irritation, headaches and seizures. In the present, there is no reliable data on its long-term usage

For the 2024 season, the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) adopted a '4-point line' , an additional line beyond the standard 3- point line that awards a team with 4 points if a field-goal is made from beyond the line. The PBA is the first and currently the only 5x5 basketball league in the world to do so.

On one hand, a diocese is a geographic area of the Church overseen by a bishop, encompassing local parishes and clergy within that region. On the other hand, a priestly order is a religious community of priests who live under specific vows and follow a particular spiritual mission, often working across multiple dioceses (Jesuits, Benedictines, etc.).

The pastoral approach as a pope focuses on caring for the spiritual needs of the faithful through compassion, guidance, and direct engagement with people’s everyday lives. In contrast, the diplomatic approach emphasizes managing relationships with governments, other religions, and international organizations to protect the Church’s interests and influence.

The pastoral approach as a pope focuses on caring for the spiritual needs of the faithful through compassion, guidance, and direct engagement with people’s everyday lives. In contrast, the diplomatic approach emphasizes managing relationships with governments, other religions, and international organizations to protect the Church’s interests and influence.

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that uses a low electrical current applied to the scalp to modulate neuronal activity. It is being studied for its potential to enhance cognitive functions like attention, memory, and learning. It is generally regarded as safe but has rare reported cases of skin irritation, headaches and seizures. In the present, there is no reliable data on its long-term usage

For the 2024 season, the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) adopted a '4-point line' , an additional line beyond the standard 3- point line that awards a team with 4 points if a field-goal is made from beyond the line. The PBA is the first and currently the only 5x5 basketball league in the world to do so.

The pastoral approach as a pope focuses on caring for the spiritual needs of the faithful through compassion, guidance, and direct engagement with people’s everyday lives. In contrast, the diplomatic approach emphasizes managing relationships with governments, other religions, and international organizations to protect the Church’s interests and influence.